Abstract
As vasopressin receptors (V1a, V1b, V2) are found in many different tissues, vasopressin antagonists may benefit the treatment of numerous disorders. Effects of vasopressin via V1a and V2 receptors are closely implicated in a variety of water-retaining and cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, hyponatraemia, renal diseases, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, cirrhosis and ocular hypertension. From the series of non-peptide vasopressin receptor antagonists (vaptans), conivaptan is the only compound, which has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of euvolaemic and hypervolaemic hyponatraemia so far. For further indications such as congenital heart failure, ongoing studies are promising. Based on data from in vitro studies as well as preclinical and clinical trials also other indications for vasopressin receptor antagonists besides hyponatraemia and heart failure are to be expected.
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