Abstract
Context: the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) on renal function of diabetics is unclear.
 Objective: This study investigated the relationship between VEGF, PEDF and urea, creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in type 2 diabetics.
 Materials and Methods: 100 type 2 diabetics and 50 controls were recruited into this case-control study. Analytes were determined by standard methods. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05 and 95% Confidence interval.
 
 Results: VEGF, PEDF (p=0.0001), urea (p=0.024) and creatinine (p=0.026) were significantly higher in diabetics than controls but eGFR was comparable (p>0.05) in both groups. VEGF and PEDF were comparable (p>0.05) in the diabetics with eGFR<60 ml/min and >60 ml/min. Renal function parameters did not correlate with either VEGF or PEDF.
 Conclusion: plasma VEGF and PEDF are higher in diabetics but there seem to be no association between renal function determinants and either VEGF and PEDF.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem that is among the five leading causes of death in most countries and places an enormous financial drain on the health-care sector as well as diabetic patients[1]
In 2019, the global diabetes prevalence was estimated to be about 9.3% which is equivalent to 463 million people having diabetes; this is projected to rise to about 10.9%, that is, 700 million persons with diabetes by 2045
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease associated with complications like diabetic nephropathy which may result in ESRD increasing the morbidity and mortality of the disease[21]
Summary
Diabetes mellitus is a global health problem that is among the five leading causes of death in most countries and places an enormous financial drain on the health-care sector as well as diabetic patients[1]. In 2019, the global diabetes prevalence was estimated to be about 9.3% which is equivalent to 463 million people having diabetes; this is projected to rise to about 10.9%, that is, 700 million persons with diabetes by 2045. Is has been estimated that in Africa, the prevalence of diabetes is 4.7%, that is, 19.4 million people with diabetes. This is projected to rise to 5.2% (47.1 million people) in 20452. Diabetes mellitus predisposes patients to increased risk of complications such as diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, and dental disease[3,4]. Diabetic nephropathy is a complication of diabetes mellitus – occurring in
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