Abstract
BackgroundDiabetic retinopathy is a multistage event, and the most important of it is angiogenesis. The possible association between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) +405G/C gene polymorphism and various diseases, in which angiogenesis might be critical in disease development, encourages many investigators to study its role in diabetic retinopathy (DR) development in diabetics. The aim of this work is to investigate +405G/C polymorphism of VEGF gene in Egyptian patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to assess its possible role as a predictor for the development and progress of diabetic retinopathy. A cross-sectional, observational study was undertaken in a sample of type I diabetic patients who attend diabetes polyclinic of RIO Hospital, Giza, Egypt, between October 2012 and December 2016 and who were willing to participate. Two hundred and sixty-six type 1 diabetic patients were studied (108 males and 158 females). All subjects were analyzed for VEGF +405G/C polymorphism by real-time PCR using TaqMan pre-designed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assay.ResultsThere were increased serum levels of VEGF in T1DM suffering from DR compared to those without. Also, there was increased +405 C/C of VEGF polymorphism and C allele frequency related to the severity of DR (non-proliferative retinopathy (NPR), proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and macular edema (ME)) and type C phenotype (ischemic) in T1DM suffering from DR.ConclusionSerum levels of VEGF and its +405G/C polymorphism could be used in the evaluation, development, and progression of DR.
Highlights
Diabetic retinopathy is a multistage event, and the most important of it is angiogenesis
The most common serious complication of Diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic retinopathy (DR) as it may lead to loss of vision (Ockrim and Yorston 2010)
The possible association between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene polymorphism (+405 G/C) and various diseases in which angiogenesis might be critical in disease development encourage many investigators to study its role in the development of DR in diabetics (Hicklin and Ellis 2005; Lu et al 2005)
Summary
Diabetic retinopathy is a multistage event, and the most important of it is angiogenesis. The possible association between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) +405G/C gene polymorphism and various diseases, in which angiogenesis might be critical in disease development, encourages many investigators to study its role in diabetic retinopathy (DR) development in diabetics. The aim of this work is to investigate +405G/C polymorphism of VEGF gene in Egyptian patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and to assess its possible role as a predictor for the development and progress of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a leading cause of blindness among adults aged 20–60 years (Shojaein and MehriGhahfarrakh 2018). It is a chronic disease characterized by the presence of hyperglycemia symptoms and plasma glucose concentration ≥ 7 mmol/L (Al-Bahnasy et al 2017). Diabetic retinopathy is the primary cause of visual impairment in the working-age population (Fong et al 2004)
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