Vascular anomalies: Presentation and response to medical and surgical management, our experiences in the last 5 years

Abstract

Aim: Vascular anomalies, lesions of abnormal vascular development pose a significant challenge in some of the cases for diagnosis and management. The International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies has classified this condition into two broad types as vasoproliferative or vascular neoplasms such as hemangioma and vascular malformation. We have analyzed all the cases with vascular anomalies that have presented in outpatient department (OPD) in the past 5 years. Materials and Methods: All patients presented to vascular OPD of Dhulikhel Hospital in the year 2013–2017, if patients are diagnosed with vascular anomalies, are included in the study. Details on age, sex, site of the lesion, and medical or operative management performed are analyzed. Results: Of the total 51 vascular anomalies cases, the mean age of the patient was 22.4 years (standard division. 8.4, range 6 months to 51 years). Female-to-male ratio was 2.4:1. Forty cases (70.48%) belonged to vascular malformation while 11 cases (21.56%) were of hemangioma. In case of vascular malformation, 18 cases were of venous malformation while 8 cases were of capillary malformation. There were a total of 14 arteriovenous malformations. The highest number of anomalies was noticed in the lower limb (39.22%) followed by the head (25.49%). Regarding treatment modality opted, in five cases, medical management with oral steroids and propranolol was advised. In 35 cases, surgical resection was done. Conclusion: Vascular anomalies are detected in fairly young patients with preponderance in the female. Treatment of vascular anomalies is complex and is based on stage, type, and location of each anomaly.