Varietal resistance of Algerian bread wheat against Fusarium culmorum, the main agent of crown rot on wheat

Abstract

Fusarium crown rot (FCR) is one of the serious wheat diseases. FC11 is one strain among 34 isolates obtained in a previous study, and identified as Fusarium culmorum strain highly pathogenic. FC11 was assigned the accession number MW151664 by NCBI GenBank. Two resistance/sensitivity tests were conducted on 9 cultivars (cv) of bread wheat. The In vitro test in the oven with the parameters; percentage of germination inhibition (%GI), to determine the tolerance of seedlings germination, and the Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC) to test the tolerance to the initial infection of germinated coleoptiles. In in-vivo test in the growth chamber, the disease severity (DS) parameter used to test the cultivars ability to tolerate FCR induced by F. culmorum. The results showed that all cultivars were susceptible to FC11 with a significant decrease in germination and coleoptile emergence rate with GI% and AUDPC values reached up to 68.35, and 68.98% for cv. Boumerzoug and Hidhab, respectively. The cv. Bordj Mehis and Ain Abid showed significant susceptibility to F. culmorum, where length of the vegetative system and fresh weight (RCL% and RCW%) were negatively affected up to 28.66 and 56.66%, respectively. In this work, the cv. Akhamokh showed an interesting level of FCR tolerance among other cultivars tested.