Varietal features of the formation of the productivity of Rafael barley at different seeding rates

Abstract

Relevance. New modern varieties of grain crops created recently, including barley, require the development and refinement of varietal cultivation technology. Since there are significant differences in weather conditions, soil characteristics, and the nature of the relief on the territory of the Russian Federation, the development of technology for a specific agro-climatic zone is especially important.Methods. The object of research is a new variety of spring barley Raphael, included in the State Register for the Central and Volga-Vyatka regions in 2022. To solve the tasks set, experiments with seeding rates with an interval of 0.5 million were laid on the experimental field. germinating grains per hectare (3,0; 3,5; 4,0; 4,5; 5,0 and 5.5 million). The studies were carried out by field and laboratory methods using appropriate techniques.Results. A clear strong negative trend has been established, a decrease in field germination with an increase in the seeding rate (r = -0.973), which also affects the yield of the variety (r = -0.607). It was revealed that the variant with a seeding rate of 3.0 million vsx. grains per 1.0 ha formed the maximum tillering coefficient, had the highest productivity of one plant, the length of the ear and the number of grains per ear compared to other variants of the experiment, but had the lowest yield in the experiment – 5.52 t/ha. The yield of this variety was largely determined by the mass of 1000 grains (r = +0.785) and the number of plants before harvesting (r = +0.329). In the course of research, it was found that the productivity of the Raphael variety in Non-Chernozem conditions on dark gray forest soil of an average level of fertility when sowing at optimal times is significantly affected by the seeding rate and the genotype of the variety. The highest yield index over the years of research, which is the main criterion for evaluating the experience, was achieved with a seeding rate of 4.0 to 4.5 million vsx. grains per 1.0 ha – 6.28–6.57 t/ha.