Abstract
BackgroundDue to concerns of carcinogenicity, it is necessary to assess long-term acrylamide exposure in individuals. Whether the available methods of estimating acrylamide intake can indicate long-term exposure remains unknown. We examined variations in the estimated dietary acrylamide intake of the Japanese population.MethodsThe study included 240 participants aged 40–74 years who were a part of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT). Twelve-day dietary records (DRs) were collected over a one-year period, and food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were collected twice during the year. Dietary acrylamide intake was estimated from an acrylamide content database. Within-individual variations and between-individual variations were calculated using the random effects model. A linear regression analysis was performed to identify foods with large between-individual variations.ResultsThe ratios of within-individual variance to between-individual variation were 3.2 for men and 4.3 for women. Days of DRs required to estimate the usual individual intake within 20% of the true mean intake with 95% confidence were 60 days for men and 66 days for women. Coffee/cocoa, potato, and green tea contributed to between-individual variations, in that order, and seven foods contributed to 93% of the between-individual variation.ConclusionsEstimating the acrylamide intake using DRs requires an extended data collection period to estimate the intragroup ranking and habitual intake of individuals. Long-term exposure assessments should be based on methods with less potential for measurement errors, such as the use of biomarkers.
Highlights
Acrylamide is a Group 2A probable human carcinogen [1] that is widely used in industrial applications [2] and is detected in tobacco smoke [3] and food [4]
Dietary record (DR) and 24 24-h dietary recalls (h-Rs) are commonly used to assess the validity of food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) used to estimate the dietary acrylamide intake [5, 8]
This study aimed to identify variations in the estimated dietary acrylamide intake of the Japanese population
Summary
Acrylamide is a Group 2A probable human carcinogen [1] that is widely used in industrial applications [2] and is detected in tobacco smoke [3] and food [4]. Considering its potential carcinogenicity, it Methods such as dietary records (DRs), 24-h dietary recalls (24 h-Rs), duplicate methods (DMs), and total diet studies are used to assess dietary acrylamide exposure [5, 8,9,10,11]. DRs and 24 h-Rs are commonly used to assess the validity of food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) used to estimate the dietary acrylamide intake [5, 8]. Because most of these surveys are conducted over a brief period, it is difficult to assess the long-term acrylamide exposure from dietary intake at. Due to concerns of carcinogenicity, it is necessary to assess long-term acrylamide exposure in individuals. Whether the available methods of estimating acrylamide intake can indicate long-term exposure remains unknown. We examined variations in the estimated dietary acrylamide intake of the Japanese population
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