Abstract
The relationships between the craniofacial structures at the base of the skull are modified during ontogenesis and phylogenesis. The scientific community is in agreement regarding the major role that the skull base has in the hominization and the etiopathology of maxillofacial dysmorphia.Comparing ancient fossils to current populations, the origin and interpretations of the various skull base morphologies, more specifically the sphenoidal angle, are complicated. Therefore, different hypotheses are advanced. Most compare them to the larger characteristics of human evolution. In this article, they are presented as to how each author developed their respective hypotheses.The knowledge of these hypotheses helps in the comprehension of the evolutionary mechanisms of basal craniofacial configurations of modern man.
Highlights
The skull base figure is the major element in the context of hominization
The scientific community agrees on the major role of the skull base in hominization, and on the etiopathogenesis of maxillofacial dysmorphia
The skull base reflects determinism
Summary
The skull base figure is the major element in the context of hominization. The origin of these changes, both at the skull base and facial levels, remain unclear. The scientific community agrees on the major role of the skull base in hominization, and on the etiopathogenesis of maxillofacial dysmorphia. Penin et al.52, Jeferry[33], Bastir et al.[5] stress the importance of the rhythm and timing of growth in different parts of the skull base and its connection.
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