Abstract
Electron density measurements made with the partial reflections technique above Urbana, Illinois (44°10′N, 88°10′W) were analysed for day-to-day variations, seasonal variations, magnetic storm after-effects and stratosphere-ionosphere coupling effects. As well as showing a winter anomaly, the electron densities near 76 kilometres were significantly lower in fall than in spring. Magnetic storm after-effects of the type predicted by models of energetic electron precipitation at middle latitudes were observed. No strong correlations were found between stratospheric and D-region time series, or between the occurrence of stratospheric warmings and D-region changes. It is likely that most of the electron density variation was due to variations in the transport of minor neutral constituents. The spring-fall differences were also probably caused by differences in minor constituent concentrations rather than the effect of temperature changes on the recombination coefficient.
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