Abstract
Impervious surface temperature is a key parameter in impervious surface energy balance. Urban canopy models are now widely used to simulate impervious surface temperatures, but the physical assimilation method for the urban canopy model is still under development and the use of high temporal resolution observation data are limited. In this paper, a physical assimilation method was used to improve the simulation of the impervious surface temperature for the first time. A variational assimilation method was developed and coupled with the integrated urban land model, using the impervious surface energy balance equation as the adjoint physical constraint. The results showed that when the observed impervious surface temperature data of every timestep were assimilated into the integrated urban land model, the bias of the impervious surface temperature was reduced about 86 %. For the operational run, the observed data were assimilated twice per day, and the bias of the impervious surface temperature was reduced by about 78%.
Highlights
Impervious surfaces are mainly artificial structures that have zero porosity and impede or prevent the natural infiltration of water [1]
The results showed that when the observed impervious surface temperature data of every timestep were assimilated into the integrated urban land model, the bias of the impervious surface temperature was reduced about 86 %
The observed data were assimilated twice per day, and the bias of the impervious surface temperature was reduced by about 78%
Summary
Impervious surfaces are mainly artificial structures that have zero porosity and impede or prevent the natural infiltration of water [1]. In urban areas where human activity is intense, the impervious fraction of land surface is relatively large. The expansion of the impervious surfaces in urban area reduces the surface evaporation [6] and alters the thermal characteristics of the land surface. Land surface temperature (LST) is increased [7,8,9,10] and, subsequently, the urban heat island (UHI) is enhanced [11]. Impervious LST is the key parameter in impervious surface energy balance. It is important for urban weather forecasting and urban climate change [12,13], but has wide applications in road meteorology [14] and urban thermal environment, etc
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