Abstract
Background The requirement of vitamin D in different stage may be diverse, but research on the variation trend of vitamin D status during infancy is scarce. Objective This study aimed to explore the variation trend of vitamin D status and influencing factors of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency during wintertime among infants. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 500 infants were included in our study during January to March 2017. The serum 25(OH)D was performed by chemiluminescent assay. Multivariate Logistic regression was conducted to evaluate the influencing factors of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D insufficiency. Results The older infants had a higher concentration of vitamin D than younger infants (r=0.62, P<0.0001). And the overall prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency were 33.80% and 18.00%, respectively. With the increase of month age, the risk of vitamin D deficiency (OR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.57-0.70) and insufficiency (OR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.62-0.77) were both declined. In addition, the infant with low birthweight, breastfed, living in rural area were correlated with a higher risk of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency (P<0.05). Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency prevalence changed with month age, routine monitoring of vitamin D levels is necessary for infant.
Highlights
Vitamin D, which can enhance intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption and promote bone mineralization, has been identified as one of the key nutrients that contributes to the development and maintenance of optimum bone mass from the very early stage. [1] Without controversy, vitamin D deficiency with or without calcium deficiency, can lead to nutritional rickets, calcium homeostasis disturbance and osteomalacia. [2, 3] In addition, over the last two decades, with the discovery of vitamin D receptors in other body tissues and cells, the associations between vitamin D and several health outcomes, such as birthweight, dental caries, myopia and so on, have been confirmed [4]
The prevalence of optimal vitamin D status was increased with the month age (r=-0.91, P
Our results showed an increased concentration of vitamin D and decreased prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency with month age, among infants in China, during winter
Summary
Vitamin D, which can enhance intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption and promote bone mineralization, has been identified as one of the key nutrients that contributes to the development and maintenance of optimum bone mass from the very early stage. [1] Without controversy, vitamin D deficiency with or without calcium deficiency, can lead to nutritional rickets, calcium homeostasis disturbance and osteomalacia. [2, 3] In addition, over the last two decades, with the discovery of vitamin D receptors in other body tissues and cells, the associations between vitamin D and several health outcomes, such as birthweight, dental caries, myopia and so on, have been confirmed [4]. Vitamin D, which can enhance intestinal calcium and phosphate absorption and promote bone mineralization, has been identified as one of the key nutrients that contributes to the development and maintenance of optimum bone mass from the very early stage. Vitamin D nutritional status has attracted more and more researchers’ attention. Wei Li et al.: Variation Trend of Vitamin D Status in Wintertime Among Infants: A Cross-sectional Study nowadays. The infant has a relative high demand for vitamin D. The source of vitamin D mainly depends on skin exposure to ultraviolet B radiation. For infant, the body surface area and frequency of exposure to sunlight are not enough to produce adequate vitamin D, especially in winter. Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency is vulnerable in infant [5]. D in different stage may be diverse, but research on the variation trend of vitamin D status during infancy is scarce
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