Abstract
The availability of water is one of the most important factors for the development of the seeds. Thus, studies related to adequate humidity for germination, emergence and early development of safflowers, is necessary for the productive use of this culture. Thus, the objective of study was to evaluate the initial development of two varieties of seeds of Safflowers (IAPAR and IMA2103) in six levels of water availability in substrate: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%. At 15 days the seedling emergence were evaluate. At 30 days were evaluate plant height, root length, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh weight of the aerial part and root, dry weight of shoot and root. The treatment without irrigation, there was decrease the emergence, emergence speed for both genotypes. Treatments above 30% of water availability in the two varieties presented emergency superior to 50%. Lower irrigation rates favored root length and dry mass.
Highlights
Carthamus tinctorius L. is an annual oilseed of great commercial importance in Mexico and India, it is grown in the USA, Australia, Argentina, USA and other countries
Based on the hypothesis that the safflower presents different development according to substrate humidity, this study has the objective of submitting seeds of two strains of IAPAR and IMA2103, in different levels of wetting for the evaluation of the emergence and the morphology of the seedlings
All experimental units were maintained until 30 days after sowing, after which the plants were extracted for the characterization of the plant height (PH), root length (RL), stem diameter (SD), green weight (GW), Green Root Weight (GRW), Dry Air Weight (DAW), Dry Root Weight (DRW) and Number of Leaves (NL)
Summary
Carthamus tinctorius L. is an annual oilseed of great commercial importance in Mexico and India, it is grown in the USA, Australia, Argentina, USA and other countries. Among the environmental factors that stimulate seed development are the oxygen, temperature and water availability that must be in favorable conditions for their germination (Carvalho & Nakagawa, 2000). The ideal water supply is essential for the seed to initiate the germination process, becoming a limiting factor to the growth and development of the seedling (Beltrão, Fideles Filho, & Figueirêdo, 2002). Information about the adaptation and the limiting factors caused by lack or excess humidity in the soil are essential for the economic use of this crop. Based on the hypothesis that the safflower presents different development according to substrate humidity, this study has the objective of submitting seeds of two strains of IAPAR and IMA2103, in different levels of wetting for the evaluation of the emergence and the morphology of the seedlings
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