Variation of perimplant biofilm induced by non surgical periodontal therapy and the use of probiotics

Abstract

Thanks to improved surgical tecniques the use of dental implants has increased greatly. However, high rates of osseointegrated correctly implants, over the years are undermined by disease of bacterial etiology in the perimplant zone, especially by Gram negative anaerobes such as in gingivitis and periodontitis, in particular: Fusobacterium spp.(F.), Treponema denticola (T.d.), Tannerella forsythensis (T.f.), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A.a.), Prevotella intermedia (P.i.) e Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.). The mechanic treatment (MS) results in a reduction of the total bacterial count (TBC) and a slight change in the subgingival bacterial microflora towards the less pathogenic species and more like those of a healthy periodontium.Also the use of a probiotic in the form of buccal tablets of Lactobacillus reuteri (L.r.), as demonstrated in this study, is thought to improve and modulate the composition of plaque, as it is able to exert an inhibitory effect on oral bacteria that support caries, gingivitis, periodontal and perimplant disease with a combination of different mechanisms.