Abstract
Fossil foliage cuticles of the Late Carboniferous medullosalean pteridosperm Neuropteris ovata show a marked drop in stomatal density and index in the very early Stephanian, and a return to higher values at the end of the Stephanian. This probably reflects a rise in CO2 partial pressure in the atmosphere during the Stephanian, due to a drastic contraction of the tropical forests. This interval of high atmospheric CO2 levels appears to coincide with a warming interval in both the Gondwanan and Angaran areas.
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