Abstract
ABSTRACT Photosensitivity of flowering is the main yield limiting factor for soybean production in tropical areas. Our objective was to evaluate the variation of photosensitivity in the world soybean mini-core collections (GmWMC) under controlled environment. Ten and 13 h were selected as short- and long- photoperiods. The days from emergence to first flower open (DEF) were 20–49 days under 13 h, whereas 20–31 days under 10 h photoperiods. The variation in DEF under short photoperiod might be caused by juvenile growth phase or post-inductive phase, because 10 h was the photoperiod which induction phase of most genotypes were minimized. Index of photosensitivity of flowering (IPF) varied from 0.00 to 0.47 and correlated positively with DEF under short photoperiod. However, some genotypes were found having higher IPF but shorter DEF, or lower IPF but longer DEF. Results provided the valuable information for soybean production in tropical areas. Abbreviations DEF: days from emergence to first flower open; IPF: index of photosensitivity of flowering; JGP: juvenile growth phase; GmWMC: world soybean mini-core collections.
Highlights
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) originated in temperate regions between 32° and 40° N latitude in China (Li et al, 2008)
Soybean seed yield is highly responsive to environmental changes and it is extremely low in tropical areas compared to temperate areas
The main reason of low-seed yield in tropical areas could be insufficient vegetative growth caused by early flowering
Summary
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) originated in temperate regions between 32° and 40° N latitude in China (Li et al, 2008). Nowadays, it is grown widely throughout tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions as one of the world’s most important economic crops for its high oil and protein concentration. Soybean seed yield is highly responsive to environmental changes and it is extremely low in tropical areas compared to temperate areas. The main reason of low-seed yield in tropical areas could be insufficient vegetative growth caused by early flowering. Long juvenile growth phase (JGP) would facilitate yield production, since it could give enough vegetative mass regardless of short photoperiod in tropical areas
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