Abstract
Oil content and fatty acid composition are very important parameters for the human consumption of oilseed crops. Twenty-four sesame accessions including seven collected from various geographical regions of Turkey and 11 from different countries were investigated under field conditions for two consecutive years (2015 and 2016). The sesame accessions varied widely in their oil content and fatty acid compositions. The oil content varied between 44.6 and 53.1% with an average value of 48.15%. The content of oleic acids, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitic acid,and stearic acid varied between 36.13–43.63%, 39.13–46.38%, 0.28–0.4%, 8.19–10.26%, and 4.63–6.35%, respectively. When total oil content and fatty acid composition were compared, Turkish sesame showed wide variation in oil and fatty acid compositions compared to those from other countries. However, the accessions from other countries were fewer compared to those from Turkey. It is essential to compare oil and fatty acid composition using a large number of germ plasm from different origins. In sesame oil, the average contents of oleic acid and linoleic acid were 39.02% and 43.64%, respectively, and their combined average content was 82.66%, representing the major fatty acid components in the oil from the sesame accessions used in the present study. The results obtained in this study provide useful information for the identification of better parents with high linoleic and oleic acid contents for developing elite sesame varieties with traits which are beneficial to consumer health.
Highlights
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L. - Pedaliaceae) is one of the oldest and most important oil seed crops known to mankind
The results indicated that different enzymatic processes of fatty acid synthesis are the principal determinant of the fatty acid composition in sesame seeds (Were et al, 2006)
Considerable variation was found in oil content and fatty acid composition among sesame accessions from different origins
Summary
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L. - Pedaliaceae) is one of the oldest and most important oil seed crops known to mankind. The origin of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) continues to be debated, but evidence has shown that sesame originated in South Africa and India (Bedigian, 2004; Kobayashi, 1986; Yol and Uzun, 2012). In both circumstances, Turkey played a key role in the distribution of sesame (Uzun et al, 2008) since it was at a major crossroad of trade between the East and West in ancient times. The seed powder is useful in amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, ulcers, and bleeding haemorrhoids (Kapoor 2001; Chandel et al, 1996)
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