Abstract
Palmer and van der Maarel (1995) point out that niche limitation will not necessarily result in a demonstrable deficit of variance in species richness, and that such a deficit of variance can arise from other causes. In this, they'do not disagree with other workers. They develop «rotation/reflection» and «random-shifts» methods to allow for spatial autocorrelation, though these methods have the disadvantage that they can give spurious deficits of variance because of environmental variation. Palmer and van der Maarel criticise the linear patch model, but calculations based on their own test data confirm previous results that patch models are only moderately conservative, not unreasonably conservative as they reported. Patch models address the problem of environmental variation, and also avoid giving spurious significances in the presence of spatial autocorrelation
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