VARIABILITY OF THE GERMAN PHONEME / r / FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF LINGUOSYNERGETICS

Abstract

The given article discusses the variability of the German phoneme / r /, the formation of the pronunciation norm, the codification process and the influence of speech reality on it from the point of view of linguosynergetics - the science of self-organization and self-regulation of the language system, which, according to the synergetic approach, is open, dynamic, non-linear, having stable and unstable states. As an example, reflecting these mechanisms, the implementation of the German phoneme / r / is presented, which is represented by a large set of allophones characterized by a reduction in the number of oscillatory movements, the transition of the vibrant into a narrow slot until subsequent vocalization and complete assimilation. The variety of phoneme variants / r / is explained by the specific phonetic nature of these sounds and indicates their greater susceptibility to articulation deformations compared to other consonants of the German language. Vibrants themselves are influenced and unstable due to their complexity, so the implementation of the reduced forms / r / seems more likely and frequent. One of the factors that plays a significant role in the reduction process / r / is the law of convenient articulation, based on the principle of economy - achieving the optimal recognition effect due to the least power (in this case, articulatory) efforts. From the point of view of linguosynergetics, the system, having settled on the optimal form of self-organization, “dumps” the excess energy that is not needed for the formation and functioning of the new structure. In the law of economy of speech efforts, it manifests itself in the emergence of new pronunciation options. Linguosynergetics provides a powerful impetus for studying the dynamic development of linguistic units and offers tools for studying the laws of its behavior and the laws of self-organization.