Variability of glycemia and cognitive impairment in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus type 1 is associated with impaired cognitive function. Based on the results of systematic reviews and meta-analyzes, the most likely modifiable risk factor is the degree of metabolic control, in particular the variability of glycemia. Aims: to determine the influence of the variability of glycemia on cognitive functions in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Material and methods. Design-observational, one-stage, cross-sectional research. We examined 30 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus who were divided into 2 groups: 1 group (main) with cognitive impairment, and 2 (control) with normal cognitive functions. All patients were screened for cognitive functions using the Montreal scale (MoCa test). For the diagnosis of fluctuations in glucose level, continuous monitoring of glycemia was carried out using the iPro-2 device (Medtronic, USA): mean glycemic mean (MEAN), standard deviation (SD), mean amplitude of glycemic fluctuation (MAGE), long-term glycemic index (CONGA) Glycemia lability index (LI), hypoglycemia risk index (LBGI), hyperglycemia risk index (HBGI), mean hourly rate of glycemic change (MAG). Results. The study revealed that in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, cognitive impairment was dominated by a violation of constructive praxis, memory and attention. Recorded a significant difference in MEAN, SD, CONGA, Gindex, LBGI, HBGI, MAGE, Mvalue and MAG. Correlation analysis revealed the relationship of cognitive impairments with the level of HbA1c, as well as the variability parameters MEAN, SD, CONGA, Gindex, LBGI, HBGI, MAGE, Mvalue, MAG. Conclusions. The relationship between the variability of glycemia and cognitive impairment was registered in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus