Variability of biometric indices of plants of breeding forms of sweet pepper under condition of sexual and combined apomictically-sexual reproduction

Abstract

The actual problem in sweet pepper breeding is working out alternative methods for speeded genetic stabilization of valuable genotypes unlike those using sexual hybridization. The aim and tasks of the study. The aim of investigation is to evaluate efficiency of genetic stabilization of sweet pepper population when using sexual and combined apomictically-sexual hybridization. The task of investigation is to study manifestation of quantitative traits of plants that belong to populations of apomictic lines and original forms. Material and methods. In the work were used 4 original forms and 7 apomictic lines derivates thereof. In the period of biological ripeness of fruits there were compared such quantitative traits: “plant height”, “leaf length”, “leaf width”, “quantity of fruits on a plant”, “productivity of a plant”. The scope pf traits variation was determined with the help of coefficient of variation (CV). Investigation were conducted according to conventional methods for carrying out sweet pepper breeding under field conditions. Results and discussion. Two-year biometric measurements of plants of apomictic lines revealed the scope of 3 qualitative traits variation: “plant height”, “leaf length”, “leaf width” within the range of CV up to 33 %. In comparison with the original forms there was noted a lover value of CV simultaneously by two-three traits in 4 apomictic lines. The greatest instability of manifestation was in the trait “quantity of fruits on a plant” in original forms and apomictic lines. In apomictic lines the scope of variation of CV by the trait “plant height” was 18-38,1 %, “leaf length” – 15,1-31,9 %, “leaf width” – 22,0-31,3 %, “quantity of fruits on a plant” – 22,1-55,7 %. The line Velikan (d271, AA) had the greatest productivity – 676,8 g. Conclusions. Comparative analysis of two methods of sweet pepper breeding samples reproduction the stable tendency to greater stability of quantitative traits manifestation when using combined apomictically-sexual reproduction.