Variability in pomological traits of dog rose (Rosa canina L.) under the ecological conditions of the Republic of Croatia

Nikola Tomljenović,Marko Vuković,Tomislav Jemrić

doi:10.5937/aaser2151041t

Abstract

Wild or dog rose (Rosa canina L.) is a successful colonizer of various habitats and different soil types and is widely distributed across the Republic of Croatia. In this research, in order to estimate pomological variability in native dog rose populations, four genotypes from four locations in different geographic areas of Croatia were selected and sampled. The genotypes selected were: genotype G1, originating from the continental part of Croatia (Pitomača); genotypes G2 and G3, originating from the Mediterranean part of Croatia (Kukurini and Posedarje, respectively); and genotype G4, originating from the upland part of Croatia (Gračac). Fruits were harvested at optimum harvest dates in 2010 and 2012. Genotype had a significant effect on each studied pomological trait (length, width, geometric mean diameter, sphericity, volume, surface, shape index, weight, flesh weight, flesh ratio and total dry matter content), while year significantly affected all parameters except sphericity and shape index. The highest values for most pomological traits in 2010 and 2012 were found in the G4 and G3 genotypes, respectively. This research highlighted the existence of high variability in pomological traits among dog rose populations in Croatia, which emphasizes the possibility of further breeding and cultivation.

Highlights

Wild or dog rose (Rosa canina L.), the most abundant species of the genus Rosa, is a successful colonizer of various habitats and different soil types and is widely distributed across the Republic of Croatia
Genotype had a significant effect on each studied pomological trait, while year significantly affected all parameters except sphericity and shape index
This research highlighted the existence of high variability in pomological traits among dog rose populations in Croatia, which emphasizes the possibility of further breeding and cultivation

Summary

Introduction

Wild or dog rose (Rosa canina L.), the most abundant species of the genus Rosa, is a successful colonizer of various habitats and different soil types and is widely distributed across the Republic of Croatia. In different localities it is known by various common names, like ’šipak’, ’pasja drača’, ’šipurak’ etc. The genus Rosa includes 37 species in Croatia (Nikolić, 2018), 47 in Europe (Wrońska-Pilarek and Jagodziński, 2009) and 100–250 or even more worldwide (Rehder, 1940; Gudin, 2000; Jian et al, 2010; Popek, 1996; Wissemann, 2003; Smulders et al, 2011) These differences are the result of difficulties in identification due to heterogamous canina meiosis, variability inside the species, predominant matroclinal inheritance, polyploidy and interspecific hybridization (De Cock et al, 2008). Dog rose is used for erosion prevention on infertile soils (Turkben et al, 2005)

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