Variability and correlationship of agronomic characteristics of unproducing arabica coffee of Sumatra Island

Abstract

Indonesia is the main producer of robusta coffee, while the coffee world wants Arabica coffee. The study was conducted in the lowlands at an altitude of 10 meters above sea level using a randomized block design. The treatment was 9 varieties of Sumatran Arabica coffee with three replications. The results showed that the growth of plant height and stem diameter of Arabica coffee in the lowlands was normal. The characteristics of internode length and primary branch length have narrow variability, the characteristics of plant height, stem diameter and length of stem segments have moderate variability, and characteristics of the number of pairs of leaves and canopy area have wide variability. Arabica coffee from Sumatra Island shows a close relationship to coffee from Nangroe Aceh Darusalam and North Sumatra and quite far from coffee from South Sumatra. The growth of Arabica coffee is normal. The number of pairs of leaves and canopy area can be used as selection criteria. The relationship between arabica coffee from Nangroe Aceh Darussalam and North Sumatra is quite close, whereas the coffee from South Sumatra it is quite distant. Germplasm from Sumatra under study needs to be added from other coffee-producing regions.