Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) is one of the most important sources of vitamins, protein, and minerals in Africa, Latin America, and Asia, and Brazil is one of the largest producers in the world. This plant is commonly cultivated in arid and semiarid regions due to its moderate drought tolerance. The use of drought tolerant genotypes is one of the options to be considered in the context of climate change and global food security. Morphometric and physiological analysis were performed to compare cowpea genotypes. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to identify the traits most likely to contribute to drought tolerance. The genotypes with better morphological and photosynthetic results show greater accumulation of proline and less reduction of photosynthetic pigments, indicating osmotic and oxidative stress adjustment. Among the most drought tolerant cluster formed by the genotypes Costelão, Pituba, Aracê, Inhuma and MOB, the genotypes Pituba, Costelão and Aracê showed the least pronounced reductions in morphological and physiological characteristics when exposed to drought.
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