Abstract
Twenty lettuce accessions from the UENF Germplasm Collection were assessed for genetic diversity using RAPD markers. Multivariate statistical techniques were used, such as grouping analyses, using the Tocher and Single Linkage methods. Analysis of 55 polymorphic markers, obtained with 25 primers, showed that there was sufficient variability in the material studied to be exploited in future breeding programs. The ‘BGH 4060’ and ‘Grand Rapids’ accessions were the most dissimilar, while ‘BGH 4325’ and ‘BGH 4326' were the most similar. There was high agreement between ecogeographic origin and molecular similarity. It was further found by the stress statistic (Kruskal, 1964) and by the correlation between number of markers and increase in ideal formation of groups that 50 polymorphic markers is the optimum number for genetic diversity study in the assessed accessions.
Highlights
Lettuce, which originated in the Mediterranean basin, spread with the Roman conquests to France, England and the rest of Europe
In spite of being the second most commercialized leafy vegetable in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, according to Ceasa data of 1998, lettuce has not been investigated for genetic diversity; the producers use a reduced number of genotypes which compete for the vulnerability of the varieties planted
Genetic diversity in lettuce was considered the optimum number of markers to investigate the genetic diversity in the studied material
Summary
Lettuce, which originated in the Mediterranean basin, spread with the Roman conquests to France, England and the rest of Europe. With the discovery of the New World in 1492, it spread rapidly to the Americas and was introduced in Brazil in 1647 (Ryder, 1986). It is a popular vegetable throughout the world and one of the most important in economic terms. It is part of the Brazilian diet, and it is the most important leafy vegetable (Alvarenga, 1999). In spite of being the second most commercialized leafy vegetable in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, according to Ceasa (wholesale vegetable market) data of 1998, lettuce has not been investigated for genetic diversity; the producers use a reduced number of genotypes which compete for the vulnerability of the varieties planted. By the RAPD technique, the optimum number of polymorphic markers recommendable for a safe analysis of the genetic diversity in lettuce was determined to cut costs in the development of future studies
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