Abstract
A two-dimensional diffusion model is presented for describing the evaporation of volatile liquids in atmospheric wind fields. Examples of evaporation in smooth boundary layer flows are given and a new semi-empirical procedure is proposed for taking into account the influence of a transition in surface roughness on the rate of evaporation. The effect of high concentrations on the vertical transport of vapour is taken into account numerically by the introduction of a well-defined effective diffusion coefficient. The method has been found to work satisfactorily and accounts for the large increase in evaporation rate near the boiling point of a liquid. A special mathematical procedure is presented for describing the dispersion of vapour clouds from boiling liquids. Without the introduction of a vertical momentum balance, the procedure allows, in a simple manner for the generation of a concentrated vapour cloud above the liquid pool. Also, it provides a fully consistent description of non-boiling and boiling liquids.
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