Abstract
Vapor-phase production of 3-methylcyclopent-2-en-1-one (MCP) via intramolecular aldol condensation of 2,5-hexanedione (HD) was performed over calcium hydroxyapatite (HAP) catalysts aged under various conditions. The aging temperature and time of the as-prepared apatite precipitate significantly affected the catalytic activity of the resulting HAP catalyst by influencing its residual carbonate and nitrate species and specific surface area. The HAP aged at a temperature between 50 and 200 ºC showed the highest catalytic activity with a high MCP selectivity of ca. 95%. However, serious deactivation was observed in an N2 carrier gas flow due to coke formation. The modification of the HAP catalyst with silver and the utilization of H2 as a carrier gas significantly reduced the coke formation and improved the catalytic stability during aldol condensation of HD to MCP.
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