Abstract

This work deals with the aerobic oxidative cleavage of C-C and C-O bonds catalyzed by the Keggin-type phosphovanadomolybdic acid (H6[PMo9V3O40], noted H6PV3). The latter was synthesized by an adapted hydrothermal procedure classically used for lower vanadium content and was tested as a catalyst for the aerobic cleavage of 2-phenoxyacetophenone (noted K1HH) and 1-phenyl-2-phenoxyethanol (A1HH) used as two lignin models. The operative conditions (solvent, catalytic loading, etc.) were adjusted on K1HH and extrapolated to A1HH. The cleavage of the alcohol model required more drastic conditions and therefore further optimization. Preliminary attempts on an Organosolv wheat straw lignin were performed too. From the kinetic study, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) data, a mechanism of the cleavage of both models was proposed.

Highlights

  • Lignin is the second most abundant natural polymer on our planet and the only natural, renewable and abundant source of aromatic compounds

  • H6 PV3 was characterized by XRD and liquid 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to validate the Keggin-type structure and to obtain its yield

  • The number of vanadium equivalents and the hydration index noted x and n were determined by Inductive coupled plasma analyses (ICP) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) respectively

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Summary

Introduction

Lignin is the second most abundant natural polymer on our planet and the only natural, renewable and abundant source of aromatic compounds. One of the most outstanding lignin valorization routes is its oxidation to aromatic platform molecules such as vanillin obtained from C-C cleavage [1]. The major problem was the elimination of caustic wastes conjugated with a rather low yield of vanillin [2]. Such of process is currently not competitive against the oil-based routes for vanillin production and has to be improved. O2 will be used as it is the most sustainable oxidant It needs to be activated by a catalyst. Several metal-containing catalysts were assessed for the aerobic oxidative cleavage of lignin [3,4]. Keggin-type phosphovanadomolybdic acids (H3+x PMo12−x Vx O40 , nH2 O)

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