Abstract
Magnetic susceptibilities of Eu 2O 3, EuF 3 and EuBO 3 have been measured over the wide temperature range 5–650 K. The Van Vleck paramagnetism, with the ground state of 7 F 0 ( S=3, L=3), has been investigated comprehensively. The temperature independent paramagnetism emerges manifestly below approximately 100 K. The variation of the susceptibility with temperature for EuBO 3 is in satisfactory agreement with the coupling constant λ = 471 K , where the spin–orbit interaction is λ L · S for the Russell–Saunders coupling on the basis of Van Vleck theory with one parameter λ . The value of λ = 490 K can fit the susceptibility data of EuF 3. The deviation from the theory arises in Eu 2O 3. This discrepancy originates mainly from the influence of the crystalline field. Susceptibility of Gd 2O 3, having the ground state of 8 S 7/2 ( S=7/2, L=0), is also presented as a magnetic standard compound in comparison with these results.
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