Abstract
Abstract. Earthquakes, which are unavoidable natural phenomena in Turkey, have often produced economic and social disaster. The latest destructive earthquakes happened in Van city. Van, Turkey, earthquakes with M = 7.2 occurred on 23 October 2011 at 13:41 (local time), whose epicenter was about 16 km north of Van (Tabanlı village) and M = 5.6 on 9 November 2011 epicentered near the town of Edremit south of Van in eastern Turkey and caused the loss of life and heavy damages. Both earthquakes killed 644 people and 2608 people were injured. Approximately 4000 buildings collapsed or were seriously damaged. The majority of the damaged structures were seismically insufficient, unreinforced masonry and adobe buildings in rural areas. In this paper, site surveys of the damaged masonry and adobe buildings are presented and the reasons for the caused damages are discussed in detail.
Highlights
23 October 2011, Van city in eastern Turkey was hit by a large earthquake at 13:41 (10:41 GMT), on Sunday afternoon of magnitude 7.2
The Van earthquake, whose epicenter was about 16 km north of Van province, between Ercis county and Van city, has devastated the area
Hundreds of buildings totally collapsed; thousands of them were heavily damaged and 644 people died as shown in Table 1 (604 died in first earthquake, 61 in the center, 66 in villages in the vicinity and 477 in Ercis; 40 people died because of second earthquake)
Summary
23 October 2011, Van city in eastern Turkey was hit by a large earthquake at 13:41 (10:41 GMT), on Sunday afternoon of magnitude 7.2. Major earthquakes such as this one have occurred in the year 1111 causing major damage and having a magnitude around 6.5–7.
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