Abstract
The productivity of soil largely depends on the optimum conditions of farmingincluding the water quality. With the proper pH values of the water-soil moisture maintained during the time of farming leads to absorption of right amount of minerals to the plant body which increases the productivity of the crop. Under normal practice, it is often found that the pH value of the irrigational water overlooked and hence the optimum conditions are maintained. In this article, a noble approach is taken to regulate the valve response so that this pH mismatch between the supplied water and soil can be rectified and the most suitable value can be preserved. While with the use of Penman-Monteith (PM) method, the water loss due to evapotranspiration is determined and water valves are operated to supply the necessary volume to eliminate the crop-water stress, an exhaustive fuzzy rule-base model is developed to control the opening and closing of the valves based of the pH value of the supplied water to maintain the optimal values. On evaluation of the designed model, it is seen that the PM model is successful is determining the water loss and the on encountering a surge in the acidic levels of the supplied water, the valve constricts to slow down the water flow and it inflates while the water is alkaline is nature. Thus the objective of the model is properly served and significant results are obtained.
Highlights
Evapotranspiration is defined as the loss of surface water from field and water bodies in the form of both evaporation and transpiration
There exist a lot of method for the determination of evapotranspiration but the PenmanMonteith FAO 56 (PM FAO 56) is the most widely accepted method4 in determining the ET losses
Materials and Methods As two factors are to be considered for proper utilization of water, maintaining favourable mixing conditions, firstly the ET loss is determined by feeding on the required meteorological data to the PM FAO 569 model
Summary
Evapotranspiration is defined as the loss of surface water from field and water bodies in the form of both evaporation and transpiration. Due to different types of contamination, like Arsenic and other heavy metals, the natural salinity and pH are getting altered.. Water loss due to evapotranspiration (ET) contributes significantly in resulting crop-water stress. Nature of the soil, the growth stage of the crop contribute to the ET loss, but the effects are negligible. The soil has its own pH value depending on the macro and micro mineral composition and gets affected by the crops be cultivated on it. Reference Evapotranspiration is the loss registered by an extensive surface having uniform crop coverage of 0.12-meter height, adequately and fully shading the ground.
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