Value of silicone gel in prevention of cobblestoning following punch minigrafting in vitiligo

Abstract

Background Cobblestoning is the most common complication of minipunch grafting. Objective To assess the value of silicone gel application following minipunch grafting and the histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in cases with cobblestoning. Methods Minipunch grafting was performed in two similar vitiligo lesions in 27 cases with stable vitiligo. After healing, silicone gel was applied twice daily on one lesion while zinc oxide ointment was applied to the other lesion serving as a control. Four biopsies were taken from each case; normal, vitiliginous skin before treatment and the two treated lesions 3 months after therapy, for histopathology and immunohistochemical staining for MMP9 & tenascin-C. Results Repigmentation occurred in 19 cases (70.7%). The number of lesions showing excellent and good response was significantly higher on the silicone gel side (p < .001). In 20 cases, cobblestoning either occurred or was absent on both sides. Histopathologically, cobblestoning was similar to hypertrophic scarring. Both markers were elevated after therapy on both sides with no significant difference in percentage change between lesions showing positive and negative cobblestoning. Conclusion Silicone gel application after minigrating improved the final response with no significant effect on the occurrence of cobblestoning. Cobblestoning resembled hypertrophic scarring histopathologically.