Value of non-invasive continuous blood pressure monitoring in the detection of carotid sinus hypersensitivity

Abstract

A patient with recurrent episodes of dizziness and blackouts is described. Detailed cardiac and neurological investigations were normal. Autonomic assessment excluded postural hypotension and confirmed normal sympathetic vasoconstrictor function. Cardiac parasympathetic function in response to deep breathing, hyperventilation and ocular pressure was normal. Left carotid sinus massage only reproducibly lowered blood pressure with minimal change in heart rate. This occurred mainly during head-up tilt. The fall in blood pressure was not affected by the muscarinic blocker atropine, or the peptide release inhibitor, octreotide. A diagnosis of left carotid sinus hypersensitivity of the vasodepressor variety was made. Left carotid sinus denervation was performed. This successfully prevented further episodes of dizziness and blackouts. The ability to measure beat-to-beat blood pressure non-invasively was of particular importance in diagnosis, and in the assessment of management options in this patient.