Abstract
Atrioventricular (AV) delay optimization is important for patients (Pts) with DDD pacemakers, but it is essential in heart failure Pts with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), since they require an optimal AV delay to accomplish resynchronization. Mitral inflow A-wave (Aw) Doppler pattern (atrial transport) is used for AV optimization, based on the concept that AV is optimal when non-truncated atrial transport ends just before left ventricular contraction starts. Thus, a truncated Aw would indicate a non-physiological AV delay with overlapping contractions of left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV), causing pacemaker syndrome (PMS).
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