Abstract
The economic contributions of rural enterprises in Indonesia are significant to support local people's livelihoods, although it remains at micro to medium levels. One small-scale enterprise, which remains understudied and receives little policy attention, is the bamboo enterprise. Gunungkidul Regency in Yogyakarta Special Province, a central region in Java Island, Indonesia, have many bamboo enterprises, creating various products that support some 6,500 jobs. This research is conducted as a case study of the Gunungkidul Regency. A value chain perspective was used to study three bamboo-based enterprises' value chain structure: kitchen utensils, bamboo toy handicraft, and chemically treated bamboo. The snowball concept was used until the data was saturated. In total, 86 respondents were interviewed. The traditional chain was dominant. The longest value chain and the highest number of actor levels were bamboo toy handicrafts, and the shortest and smallest actor level was the chemically treated bamboo. Most channels were in the toy handicraft chain in the production flow, then kitchen utensils, and chemically treated bamboo. The credit payment method is prevalent in financial flow, and trust has been widely established between actors. The information flow related to price was imbalanced. In each chain, collaboration in the raw material segment was weak. The lack of willingness of artisans to be more productive and the weak cooperation among artisans, coupled with the lack of support from the government seems to be obstacles to the development of bamboo as a small to medium enterprise in Gunungkidul
Highlights
Non-wood forest products (NWFPs) started attracting global attention between the late 1980s and early 1990s
Bamboo hunters exist in the bamboo toy handicraft chain, while bamboo collectors exist in the toy and kitchen utensil chains
The structure of the bamboo chains examined in this research depends on the number of stakeholders involved
Summary
Non-wood forest products (NWFPs) started attracting global attention between the late 1980s and early 1990s. Like many other tropical countries where NWFPs have social and cultural importance (Yadav & Dugaya, 2013), NWFPs has a significant economic contribution, for forest-dependent people in Indonesia who remain marginalized in the development agenda. To optimize NWFPs contribution to support forest-dependent people's livelihoods and alleviate poverty, research in the NWFP value chain is timely. The contribution of bamboo to rural development and livelihoods is evident in the bamboo-based enterprise in particular Today, this business is mostly at a small-scale level. Conducting research on the value chain structure of bamboo products enriches perspectives on small and medium scale bamboo industries, especially in the tropics
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