Abstract
The Vesuvian Villas are a system of architectural assets that, due to important artistic, historical and typological characteristics, have relevance that is not only local. However, due to ineffective management policies and insufficient financial resources, the system of the Vesuvian Villas is subject to abandonment or to invasive transformations for speculative purposes. The management policies for these real estate goods would require a profound theoretical and operational review that, together with the overcoming of the binding instrument as the only guarantee of protection, pursues conservation through synergies founded on appropriate uses of the Vesuvian Villas. This innovative path is difficult to implement due to the substantial rigidity of the architectural structures and the transformations aimed at renewing the forms of use, but mostly for the lack of available financial resources. Starting from the analysis of the relationships between conservation and transformation of the historical architectural asset, the paper proposes a multicriteria analysis model for the evaluation of the "vocational" nature of the "Villa Vesuviana" property, aimed to its conservative reuse. This suitability was assessed starting from a set of indicators explaining the actual state of the building (typological, morphological, structural and artistic characteristics) and its location. The indicators have been evaluated through qualitative judgments made using the hierarchical analysis technique. Particular attention was paid to the evaluation of synergies deriving from complementary uses.
Highlights
In accordance with the report “Cultural Heritage Counts for Europe”, in the past few decades we have witnessed the main conceptual and policy developments that have recognized the multiple and valuable benefits that cultural heritage brings to society as a whole [1], making the conservation of cultural heritage a national priority for many countries
The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), developed by Saaty at the end of the 1970s, makes it possible to prioritize a series of alternative decisions or to relate criteria characterized by qualitative and quantitative evaluations combining multidimensional measure scales in a single scale of priorities [17]
The study aims to assess the vocationality of the Vesuvian Villas chosen for conservative and economic reuse, using a set of indicators explaining the state of fact of the buildings and their location
Summary
In accordance with the report “Cultural Heritage Counts for Europe”, in the past few decades we have witnessed the main conceptual and policy developments that have recognized the multiple and valuable benefits that cultural heritage brings to society as a whole [1], making the conservation of cultural heritage a national priority for many countries. The project involves the development system “Miglio d’Oro—Area Torrese Stabiese”, with 12 municipalities that constitute a “landscape–cultural mosaic” of considerable interest, where there are concentrated goods of “outstanding universal value” (the UNESCO sites of the archeological areas of Pompei, Ercolano and Torre Annunziata), and immovable goods of notable cultural interest, both public and private, such as the historic houses (villas and mansions) with gardens annexed, some designed and realized by famous architects (Vanvitelli, Sanfelice, Fuga, Vaccaro etc.) and an expression of one of the most florid Neapolitan periods (the Bourbon age) Some of these historic houses are part of Authority for Vesuvian Villas ( a Foundation) instituted with state Law no. The case showed in this article was developed by the authors on the base of the application made by D’Alpaos et al, concerning the possibility of the reconversion of the historic Venetian villas as museums [16]
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