Évaluation de la résistance au bayoud (Fusarium oxysporum f sp albedinis) chez le palmier dattier. Comparaison de méthodes d'inoculation expérimentale en palmeraie et en pépinière

Abstract

fsp albedinis). Comparison of experimental inoculation methods in the field and nursery. In order to control bayoud disease due to Fusarium oxysporum f sp albedinis (Malencon) Sn et H, the selection of date palm trees on the basis of resistance and fruit quality criteria has up to now been the best use of a method that requires a rigorous methodology. New methods to evaluate the inoculum potential and the resistance or susceptibility cultivars and clones at early or late stages or on vitroplants allow new methods of rapid selection. In this study, the comparison of the infectivity and receptivity levels of 10 sampled soils from the Experimental Station of Zagora showed significant differences in the soil behaviour towards bayoud disease. Moreover, the artificial inoculation of the date palm trees in soil with homogeneous receptivity levels (in the field) is essential. It favours the infection process and allows an acceleration of the selection of the trees tested for their resistance. In the field, the inoculation method presents an easy and controlled application, and consist of bringing the liquid inoculum, through pipes, to the roots via an injection beside the palm tree. This method has been tested in the field and nursery on the young palm tree, and is the most efficient method to cause bayoud disease on susceptible palm trees.