Abstract
Due to the benefits of mitigating greenhouse gas emission and upgrading farmland fertilization, the valorization of liquor and biogas digestate from the anaerobic digestion of swine manure has attracted much attention in recent years. This article is based on the updated data/information from the official websites for summarizing the status of the swine-raising industry and innovative manure management, relevant sustainable development indicators, and inter-ministry promotion regulations in Taiwan. The survey findings revealed that the carbon dioxide emission reduction in 2019 was equivalent to about 36,000 metric tons based on a total of 2.35 million metric tons liquor and biogas digestate applied and 2 million swine heads for the biogas-to-power. Obviously, the regulatory measures by the Council of Agriculture, the Environmental Protection Administration, and the Ministry of Economic Affairs have provided economic and financial supports towards the reduction of 67.39 × 103 metric tons carbon dioxide equivalent by 2030. Using the principles of biorefinery and zero-waste, the integration of anaerobic digestion, by-products (liquor and digestate), and biogas-to-power for treating swine manure is a win-win-win option for environmental, energy, and economic benefits.
Highlights
The valorization of waste biomass for the production of biogas in the anaerobic digestion process has attracted much attention in recent years [1]
It should be noted that heavy metals may be found in biogas digestate and/or swine manure, causing it to be leached from soil of fertilized farmland [3,4,5]
The resulting compost fertilizer does not mix with chemical fertilizers, minerals, sludge, plant residues, fish powders, meat bone powders, kitchen waste, carbonized rice husk, peat, or residues treated by chemical methods; The resulting compost fertilizer does not mix with industrial waste; The moisture should be below 35.0%; The pH value should range from 5.0 to 9.0, which should be marked on the container; The ratio of carbon-to-nitrogen should range from 10.0 to 20.0
Summary
The valorization of waste biomass for the production of biogas in the anaerobic digestion process has attracted much attention in recent years [1]. As compared to the traditional three-step system [7], the swine-raising wastewater directly treated by the anaerobic digestion creates biogas for power generation, and produces the value-added resources (i.e., liquor and biogas digestate) for farmland fertilization [5,8]. The inter-ministry regulations for promoting the value-added resources from the anaerobic digestion of manure were addressed in the paper to gain multiple benefits of environmental protection, green energy, and agricultural production, creating a circular economy in the swine-raising industry. This case report will be based on the updated data/information from the official websites of the COA, the EPA, and the MOEA. Status of the Swine-Raising Industry and Anaerobic Treatment of Manure for Recycling in Taiwan
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