Valorization of Oleaginous “Oil-Bearing” Biomass Through the Biocatalytic Production of Sinapic Acid from Mustard Bran

Abstract

This paper focuses on developing a sustainable and integrated process for the extraction of sinapic acid from oleaginous “oil-bearing” biomass. Using an optimized chemo-enzymatic technique, sinapine was effectively liberated and then completely hydrolyzed into sinapic acid. Several parameters were optimized to release sinapic acid ( e.g. , mustard species, extraction methods, mustard production dates, ethanol concentration, solids loading, extraction time and enzyme type/concentration). Subsequently, an integrated process was developed and scaled up. The results revealed that the biomass type/source and the enzyme used can substantially impact the release of sinapic acid, and overall cost, respectively. For the Canadian (NEW) lot of crude mustard bran, ~10 mg of sinapic acid/g mustard bran was successfully extracted, along with 43 mg total phenolics/g mustard bran and 71 mg sugars/g mustard bran. Lastly, supplementary portions of the biomass ( i.e. , lipids) were also discussed for their applicability as value added products.