Abstract
Defatted by supercritical CO2, Viburnum opulus berry pomace (VOP) was subjected to consecutive extraction with pressurized ethanol (E) and water (W) and yielded 23% of VOP-E and 8% of VOP-W, respectively. The major phytochemical groups covering 42 identified and quantified constituents in VOP extracts were organic and phenolic acids, iridoids, quercetin and (epi)catechin derivatives, flavalignans, procyanidins, and anthocyanins. The on-line HPLC-DPPH•-scavenging assay revealed the presence of numerous antioxidants. VOP-E had a higher total phenolic content, was a stronger antioxidant (equivalent to 0.77, 0.42, and 0.17 g trolox/g in oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), ABTS, and DPPH assays, respectively), and recovered the major part of phenolics from the pomace; however, both extracts demonstrated similar antioxidant activity in the cellular assay. VOP-E inhibited HT29 cancer cells at non-cytotoxic concentrations. The results of this study revealed that VOP contains valuable phytochemicals possessing antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. Consequently, extracts from VOP substances may be of interest in developing functional ingredients for healthy foods, nutraceuticals, and cosmeceuticals.
Highlights
Many berry varieties are well-known fruits and are consumed as fresh foods or used as a raw material for various processed products such as jams, juices, beverages, and others
Berry pomace are highly heterogeneous materials, which are composed of macronutrients and a large variety of micronutrient phytochemicals such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, and glycosides
Forty-two bioactive phytochemicals were characterized in defatted guelder rose berry pomace extracts recovered by consecutive extraction with pressurized ethanol and water
Summary
Many berry varieties are well-known fruits and are consumed as fresh foods or used as a raw material for various processed products such as jams, juices, beverages, and others. In addition to systematically studied, comprehensively valorized, and widely commercialized berries, there are many underutilized species, which produce the fruits with specific, rather unusual sensory quality and are less acceptable by the consumers as fresh commodities. European cranberry bush (Viburnum opulus L.) berries, called guelder rose berries, may be assigned to the underutilized fruits and emerging source of food grade products and ingredients [1]. Some of the sweet cultivars may be consumed as fresh fruits; most of the guelder rose berries are mixed with other berries and processed into jams and juice [1]. Some berry phenolic compounds are responsible for organoleptic characteristics such as color and flavor; their health promoting properties have been in the focus of numerous studies during the last decades
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