Valorization of durian peel waste and sewage sludge as bio-briquette

Abstract

Renewable energy is an alternative to fossil fuels due to the limited supply of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emission contribution. Bioenergy is one of the renewable energies that is derived from biomass. Biomass waste, namely durian peel and sewage sludge, has the potential as raw material for bioenergy because of its energy content. Moreover, the carbonization of biomass water can improve the heating value of biomass material. This study aims to investigate bio-briquette properties from durian peel and sewage sludge with various biomass compositions and types of binder materials. Tapioca starch, rejected papaya, and cow manure were used as binding materials. The density of 1.01 g/cm3 and the 5288 kcal/gram calorific value were obtained from 90% durian peel and 10% tapioca starch binder. The bio-briquette with 90% durian peel has a moisture content of 10%, volatile matter of 21%, fixed carbon of 61%, and ash content of 18%. Although the calorific value and fixed carbon satisfy the quality standard of briquettes, the moisture content, volatile matter, and ash content still did not comply with the standard. The result shows that the rejected papaya is promising binder material that does not compete with the food commodity of tapioca flour.