Abstract
This work aimed to valorize Date Palm Wastes (DPW) by the extraction of lignin and its application for polymeric membrane modification. Lignin was extracted from five types of DPW (date palm kernel, leaflet, pedicel, palm frond, and fibrilium) using the Klason method. Following DPW characterization, we remark the highest amount of extractives content in the leaflet sample (10.07 %) and the lowest in the fibrilium sample (6.51 %). The ash content ranged from 1.56 % for fibrilium to 7.96 % for palm frond. After extraction, the lignin yield was in the range of 22–32 %. The extracted lignins were characterized by Infrared and Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. All extracted lignins provide a high concentration of (-OH) group. Besides, both syringyl and guaiacyl are present in the extracted lignins with a slightly more syringyl unit. The extracted lignins were added to the polymeric solution, prepared from waste plastic, to produce membranes. These membranes showed improved hydrophilicity marked a decrease in the contact angle of 28 % when the lignin concentration increased from 0.125 to 0.5 %. In addition, the membrane porosity increased with the use of the extracted lignins as an additive.
Highlights
The oasis of Gabes (Tunisia) is the unique marine oasis located along the Mediterranean coast and one of the last such oasis in the world
4 Conclusion The present study includes the extraction of lignin from different Date Palm Wastes (DPW) that are date palm kernel, leaflet, Pedicel, palm frond, and fibrilium using Klason method
The results show that the content of holocellulose in the DPW was higher (55.21 %–67.29 %) which allows the extraction of lignin to be faster
Summary
The oasis of Gabes (Tunisia) is the unique marine oasis located along the Mediterranean coast and one of the last such oasis in the world. Each date palm tree produces about 20 kg of dry leaflet yearly Other wastes such as date palm kernel represent an average of 10 % of the date fruits [2]. Cellulose can be considered as the most abundant natural polymer on earth It can be used in water retention and as a suspension stabilizer in many industries such as food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. It acts as natural glue that links cellulose and hemicellulose It has a omplex polymeric structure and the potential to produce chemicals with high value [7,8,9,10].
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