Valorization of Algerian Grape Pomace Seeds: Extraction of Bioactive Compounds, Prevention and Treatment of Experimental Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Abstract

The global production of agroindustry wastes generate high amounts of wastes that represent an economical and environmental issues. Hence, the objective of this study was to characterize the phenolic composition profile recovered from Vitis vinifera waste and its related in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of different amounts of V. vinifera grape pomace seeds polyphenols (GPEs) on an experimental ulcerative colitis mouse model. We induced colitis using acetic acid and estimated disease activity index (DAI), which included weight loss, stool consistency and bleeding. The colonic mucosal injury was assessed by clinical, macroscopic, biochemical and histopathological examinations. Microscopic damage score and changes in weight and length of colon and digestive system segment were analyzed. Macroscopic activity of acetic acid-induced colitis was observed, the colon of acetic acid-treated mice showed severe inflammation characterized by marked ulceration, edema and erosions. The severity of acetic acid-induced colitis was assessed by macroscopic score analysis. Treatment with phenolic extract (0.15 and 0.1 mg) significantly (P < 0.001) reduced the disease index and significantly improved the macroscopic score. Histological analysis shows the therapeutic effect of GPEs (0.15 and 0.1 mg), with a decrease in the intensity and distribution of lesions in the duration of treatment. In conclusion, grape pomace seeds polyphenols may serve as a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory treatment for ulcerative colitis.