Valoración de la determinación de la enzima lactato deshidrogenasa en los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo

Abstract

Introduction Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and pre-eclampsia in particular, are some of the most serious complications that can affect mother and foetus. Numerous clinical and laboratory tests have been used in the search for an indicator for HDP; amongst the latter, lactate-dehydrogenase enzyme stands out. Objective To evaluate the correlation of the different isoenzymatic forms of LDH (lactate-dehydrogenase) with the different indicative parameters of affectation and severity for the cases with HDP. Material and methods Lactate-dehydrogenase enzyme and each of its 5 isoenzymes was studied in 30 patients who, during the course of their pregnancies, were found to have arterial pressure with a maximum value of 140 mm Hg and a minimum value of 90 mm Hg. Measurements were made using serum extracted within 24 hours of their admission. Results We did not find any correlation between the total LDH and the isoenzymes 1,2,3 and 4 in any of the parameters studied. LDH-2 showed a strong correlation with GOT and GPT. LDH-5 showed correlation with proteinuria and GOT and also with maximum arterial tension and haematocrit. We did not find any correlation between maximum and minimum arterial tension (r=.266, p=.156, n=30), nor of the maximum arterial tension with any of the biochemical or haematological parameters evaluated. However we found a strong positive correlation between minimum arterial tension and uric acid and GOT values and that was almost significant for GPT (p=.06). Conclusions We consider that the determination of LDH-5 in cases of HDP, and its increase in serum, is an indicator as it presents a strong correlation with important alterations in this clinical picture, such as the proteinuria and the hepatic and haematological alterations described in this pathology.