Abstract
In several solid-state systems, (charge) neutral currents originating from different “valleys” of an energy band can flow in different spatial directions and lead to long-ranged “valley currents.” Graphene (Gr), a monolayer of carbon atoms with broken time-reversal symmetry (T) and/or inversion symmetry (P), is a promising stage for this phenomenon, where (2+1)-dimensional Dirac fermion with an internal degree of freedom (“flavor”) plays a crucial role in the low-energy limit. Based on experiments, such a neutral current can be realized and detected by all-electrical nonlocal measurements in hexagonal-boron-nitride (hBN)/Gr superlattices, which are investigated herein.
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