Validity of the Greek NMP-Q and Sociodemographic Determinants of Nomophobia Among University Students

Abstract

Nomophobia is defined as the fears caused to individuals by the lack of access or use their smartphone. The aim was to make a cultural adaptation and validation of the Greek version of the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) as well as to explore nomophobia’s association with several sociodemographic determinants among university students. The original NMP-Q was translated from English into Greek language using both backwards and forwards processes. The underlying factor structure of questionnaire was investigated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Multiple regression analyses were used to determine the associations between nomophobia scales and specific characteristics of the university students. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis revealed a four-factor structure. Moreover, a second-order factor was identified as a total nomophobia scale. All factors presented adequate psychometric properties in accordance to the original NMP-Q. Multiple regression models showed significant associations of nomophobia scales with sociodemographic characteristics as gender, age, father’s education and daily smartphone usage.