Abstract
BackgroundTo determine the validity of the recently developed child-specific thoracic gas volume (TGV) prediction equations for use in air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) in diverse pediatric populations.MethodsThree distinct populations were studied: European American and African American children living in Birmingham, Alabama and European children living in Lisbon, Portugal. Each child completed a standard ADP testing protocol, including a measured TGV according to the manufactures software criteria. Measured TGV was compared to the predicted TGV from current adult-based ADP proprietary equations and to the recently developed child-specific TGV equations of Fields et al. Similarly, percent body fat, derived using the TGV prediction equations, was compared to percent body fat derived using measured TGV.ResultsPredicted TGV from adult-based equations was significantly different from measured TGV in girls from each of the three ethnic groups (P < 0.05), however child-specific TGV estimates did not significantly differ from measured TGV in any of the ethnic or gender groups. Percent body fat estimates using adult-derived and child-specific TGV estimates did not differ significantly from percent body fat measures using measured TGV in any of the groups.ConclusionThe child-specific TGV equations developed by Fields et al. provided a modest improvement over the adult-based TGV equations in an ethnically diverse group of children.
Highlights
To determine the validity of the recently developed child-specific thoracic gas volume (TGV) prediction equations for use in air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) in diverse pediatric populations
We found that the child-specific TGV equations developed by Fields et al provided a modest improvement over the adult-based TGV equations
The physical characteristics of the study subjects by gender and ethnicity are in Table 1, a summary of TGV and percent fat values given in Table 2, and summaries of the regression analyses and residual plot analyses are in Tables 3 and 4
Summary
To determine the validity of the recently developed child-specific thoracic gas volume (TGV) prediction equations for use in air-displacement plethysmography (ADP) in diverse pediatric populations. As a result of this adiabatic environment, air that maintains a constant temperature, i.e. isothermal-like air, in the testing chamber will introduce a significant source of error to the body volume measurement [4,5,6]. Isothermal-like air is found around the surface of the skin, hair, and in the fabric of clothing Error from these sources can be minimized by employing standard testing protocols recommended by the manufacturer and others [4,5,7,8]. Air in the thoracic cavity (lungs and airways) is the major source of isothermal-like air and must be taken into account in order to yield accurate estimates of body volume. A measurement of thoracic gas volume (TGV) is obtained during the final portion of the testing protocol and is calculated as the functional residual capacity plus one-half of the tidal lung volume [4]
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