Validity of a novel respiratory rate monitor comprising stretchable strain sensors during a 6-min walking test in patients with chronic pulmonary obstructive disease

Abstract

BackgroundBreathing frequency is rarely measured during a field walking test since the current monitoring system using a face mask is cumbersome for older adults. For effective clinical application, we aimed to validate the new respiratory monitor using wearable strain sensors during a 6-min walk test (6MWT) in young adults and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MethodsThe study included young adults and patients with stable COPD voluntarily recruited from three hospitals. Breathing frequency during 6MWT were measured by the strain sensor and a nasal capnometer. Total breathing frequencies were measured by the capnometer. The Bland–Altman method was used to estimate the mean limit of agreement for breathing frequency. ResultsA total of 23 young adults (age = 23.1 ± 3.7, mean ± SD) and 50 patients with COPD (age = 75.2 ± 7.2, %FEV1 = 59.1 ± 19.7) were analyzed. During the entire test period, the total breathing frequencies were measured based on an average of 252 ± 46 breaths, and the total breathing frequency was higher in patients with COPD than in young adults (mean difference = −3.349, p < 0.0013). The mean difference in breathing frequency between the strain sensors and capnometer was −0.28 (95%CI: 0.75 to 0.20), and the limit of agreement ranged from −4.1 to 3.6. The CI of the limit of agreement included the limit of equivalence (4 counts/min). ConclusionsThe novel respiratory monitor with wearable sensors achieved the target accuracy in both young adults and patients with COPD in the 6MWT.