Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to compare the validity and reliability of a PUSH band device with a linear encoder to measure movement velocity with different loads during the push-up and bench press exercises. Methods: Twenty resistance-trained athletes performed push-up and bench press exercises with four different loads: without weight vest, 10-20-30 kg weight vest, bench press: 50–82% of their assumed 1 repetition maximum (1 RM) in steps of 10 kg. A linear encoder (Musclelab) and the PUSH band measured mean and peak velocity during both exercises. Several statistical analyses were used to investigate the validity and reliability of the PUSH band with the linear encoder. Results: The main findings of this study demonstrated only moderate associations between the PUSH band and linear encoder for mean velocity (r = 0.62, 0.70) and peak velocity (r = 0.46, 0.49) for both exercises. Furthermore, a good level of agreement (peak velocity: ICC = 0.60, 0.64; mean velocity: ICC = 0.77, 0.78) was observed between the two measurement devices. However, a significant bias was found with lower velocity values measured with the PUSH band in both exercises. In the push-up, both the linear encoder and PUSH band were deemed very reliable (ICC > 0.98; the coefficient of variation (CV): 5.9–7.3%). Bench press reliability decreased for the PUSH band (ICC < 0.95), and the coefficient of variance increased to (12.8–13.3%) for the velocity measures. Calculated 1 RM with the two devices was the same for the push-up, while in bench press the PUSH band under-estimated the 1 RM by 14 kg compared to the linear encoder. Conclusions: It was concluded that the PUSH band will show decreased reliability from velocity measures in a bench press exercise and underestimate load-velocity based 1 RM predictions. For training, the PUSH band can be used during push-ups, however caution is suggested when using the device for the purposes of feedback in bench press at increasing loads.
Highlights
Quantifying and prescribing training intensity objectively from strength training programs is a challenge [1,2]
Band can be used during push-ups, caution is suggested when using the device for the purposes of feedback in bench press at increasing loads
Within the bench press exercise, whilst the linear encoder measures showed the same reliability as the push-up (ICC = 0.98), the PUSH band reliability decreased to moderate
Summary
Quantifying and prescribing training intensity objectively from strength training programs is a challenge [1,2]. Training intensity is usually based on the individuals’ one repetition maximum (1 RM: the maximum load that can be lifted once) This requires performing a maximal lift, which may have contra-indications due to the highly intensive effort, the chance of failure, and the achieved value changing over several weeks of the program [3]. Sports 2019, 7, 207 strength changes [4,5,6,7] This is based on the well-known load-velocity relationship [8,9,10], for which lighter loads are moved at faster velocities and heavier loads are moved at slower velocities. This method has been applied to numerous exercises, with barbell velocity during the bench press and back squat shown to be highly correlated with relative 1 RM training intensity over a wide range of loads [8,9,10,11,12,13]
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