Validity and Reliability of a Japanese Version of the Greater Cincinnati Chapter Well-Being Observation Tool for Older Adults with Dementia

Abstract

Background & Aimes: In Japan, although art therapy is practiced in older care facilities, no assessments focusing on the psychological well-being of people with dementia are being conducted. The aim of the present study was to develop a Japanese version of The Greater Cincinnati Chapter Well-Being Observation Tool.Methods: A total of 37 people with mild to moderate dementia participated in six types of visual art therapy sessions. All of the sessions were recorded, and the total number of samples was 105. Each sample was evaluated by two of the 40 raters. Two raters evaluated the condition of the older people adults with dementia during the sessions using the Japanese version of the tool.Results: Cronbach’s α coefficient for the entire Japanese version of the tool was 0.852. When tested for intra-rater reliability, Pearson’s correlation coefficients of the seven domains were between 0.900 and 0.704. When inter-rater reliability was tested, the interclass correlation coefficient of the seven domains between two raters was between 0.292 and 0.590. Factor analysis of the seven domains was conducted, and two factors were identified. These results coincided with the results of the factor analysis of the English version of the tool.Conclusions: The Japanese version of the tool was developed, and its reliability and validity were confirmed. Further study is recommended to improve reliability.