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Abstract
The main objective of this study was the validation of the Healthy Lifestyle Questionnaire (EVS II), using a confirmatory factorial analysis of the measurement model, with veteran athletes. A total of 348 veteran Portuguese athletes of both genders, aged between 30 and 60 years (M = 41.64, SD = 9.83), of whom 200 were males and 148 were females, from several sports. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis demonstrate the adequacy of the adapted version of the EVS II, as the factorial structure (6 factors/24 items) has acceptable validity indexes: χ2 = 305.925, p = 0.000, df = 120.017, χ2/df = 2.549, NFI (Normed Fit Index) = 0.909, TLI (Tucker Lewis Index) = 0.918, CFI (Comparative Fit Index) = 0.944, GFI (Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.944, AGFI (Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.909, SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual) = 0.048, RMSEA (Root Mean Square of Approximation) = 0.060, allowing evaluation of the dimensions of balanced diet, respect for mealtime, tobacco and alcohol consumption, other drugs consumption and resting habits. The adaptation to sport of the Portuguese version of EVS II can be used with reasonable confidence in the evaluation of healthy lifestyles in the context of sport.
Highlights
The study of healthy lifestyles can be marked up to the present time by three great periods: a first period beginning in the nineteenth century until the middle of the twentieth century; a second period, which ends the second half of the twentieth century and a third period that focuses on the present [2]
Each new application of a measuring instrument represents a contribution to improving the theoretical value of the research domain [27]. This study extends this core of knowledge, confirming the validity of the EVS II instrument in a research context, as well as through improved knowledge of how to help sports and exercise psychologists, to understand healthy practices and health indicators in veteran athletes
Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 24 items were grouped into six factors, respectively: balanced diet (5 items), respect for mealtimes (5 items), tobacco consumption (4 items), alcohol consumption (3 items), consumption of other drugs (4 items) and resting habits (3 items)
Summary
Healthy lifestyles are an obstacle to diseases and include preventive health, good nutrition, weight control, leisure, regular physical activity, periods of rest and relaxation, the capacity to face adverse conditions or situations and establishment of affective relationships of solidarity and citizens, adopting a posture of being in the world with the purpose of living with quality [1]. The same authors state that during the first period, the studies emphasize healthy lifestyles, dependent on a sociological vision and individual factors, of the individuals who belonged to a certain social stratum and could keep that. There were studies that reported an incorporation of healthy lifestyles in the field of health and studies with isolated conducts, apparently salutary or conducive to a healthy living style. Public Health 2020, 17, 1458; doi:10.3390/ijerph17041458 www.mdpi.com/journal/ijerph
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